Types of wood in the world and their classification
Wood is one of the most important and widely used natural materials in human life. This material is used not only as a construction and industrial material, but also as an energy source and raw material for handicrafts and arts. Due to their wide variety, woods are divided into different categories, each of which has its own characteristics and uses. In this article, we will examine the different types of wood in the world and their classification.
General classification of wood
Woods are generally divided into two main categories: hardwoods and softwoods. This classification is based on the type of tree from which the wood is obtained, and not necessarily on the degree of hardness or softness of the wood.
1. Hardwood
Characteristics: Hardwoods are obtained from deciduous or broad-leaved trees. These trees usually have broad and deciduous leaves. Hardwoods are more durable and resistant than softwoods due to their denser structure and slower growth.
Examples: oak, walnut, mahogany, maple, cherry, teak
Softwood
Characteristics: Softwoods are obtained from coniferous or coniferous trees. These trees usually have coniferous and evergreen leaves. Softwoods are lighter and cheaper than hardwoods due to their faster growth and less dense structure.
Examples: pine, cypress, poplar, nerad, sycamore
Introduction of hardwoods
oak
Specifications: Oak has different colors from white to red and dark brown. It is very popular due to its high resistance to moisture and insects.
Applications: flooring, furniture, cabinets, barrel making
walnut
Specifications: Walnut wood has a dark brown to black color and a beautiful and unique texture. It is very valuable due to its high hardness and durability.
Applications: expensive furniture, musical instruments, flooring, interior decoration
mahogany
Specifications: Mahogany has a reddish-brown color and a soft and smooth texture. Due to its beauty and high strength, it has a high value.
Applications: luxury furniture, doors, windows, wall coverings
Maple
Specifications: Maple wood has a light color and soft and uniform texture. Due to its high hardness and strength, it is one of the best choices for interior decoration.
Applications: flooring, cabinets, furniture, interior decoration
cherry
Specifications: Cherry wood has a reddish brown color and a soft and smooth texture. It is very popular due to its color changing over time and becoming a dark red color.
Applications: furniture, cabinets, doors, interior decoration
teak
Specifications: Teak wood has a golden brown color and an oily texture and is resistant to water and insects. It is highly valued due to its high durability and resistance to weather conditions.
Applications: outdoor furniture, flooring, wall coverings, interior decoration
Introducing types of soft wood
pine
Specifications: Pine wood has a yellowish-white color and a soft and light texture. It is widely used due to its rapid growth and reasonable price.
Applications: building materials, furniture, paper making, box making
Cypress
Specifications: Cedar wood has a reddish-brown color and a pleasant smell. Due to its high resistance to moisture and insects, it is suitable for outdoor use.
Applications: Fences, outdoor furniture, saunas, roof coverings
Spruce
Specifications: Fir wood has a yellowish white color and a soft and light texture. Due to its resistance to bending and pressure, it is suitable for building structures.
Applications: building materials, wooden structures, musical instruments, paper making
Narad
Characteristics: Narad wood has a yellowish white color and soft and light texture. Due to its resistance to moisture and temperature changes, it is suitable for use in external structures.
Applications: building materials, roofing, doors, windows
red
Characteristics: red-brown wood has a hard and dense texture. It is very valuable due to its high resistance to pressure and bending.
Applications: bow making, expensive furniture, interior decoration, tools
Special and rare woods
Ebony wood
Specifications: Ebony wood has a black or dark brown color and a very hard and heavy texture. Due to its beauty and high strength, it is very rare and expensive.
Applications: musical instruments, luxury decorations, expensive furniture, sculpture
bamboo wood
Specifications: Bamboo wood has a greenish yellow color and light and flexible texture. It is very friendly to the environment due to its fast growth and high renewability.
Applications: flooring, furniture, home appliances, interior decoration
olive wood
Specifications: Olive wood has a yellow-brown color and a hard and heavy texture. It is very valuable because of its beautiful and unique carvings.
Applications: interior decoration, expensive furniture, wooden utensils, sculpture
rosewood
Specifications: Rosewood has a reddish-brown color and a hard and dense texture. Due to its beauty and high strength, it is used in making musical instruments and luxury furniture.
Applications: musical instruments, expensive furniture, interior decoration, tools
Classification of wood based on geographical area
Woods are also classified according to geographical regions, here are some of these categories:
Woods of North America
South American wood
European woods
African woods
Asian woods
Australian woods
General uses of wood
Woods are used in various industries and applications due to their variety of characteristics and properties. Some of the common uses of wood are:
1. Construction industries
Building materials: soft woods such as pine and fir are used as building materials in the construction of wooden structures and roofs.
